Ebola is a viral hemorrhagic bleeding illness that has a high fatality rate. Ebola diseasealso called ebola hemorrhagic fever or ebola feveris a rare and often fatal illness that humans and nonhuman primates can contract. Recognizing early signs of ebola virus disease evd, finding and screening suspected patients and providing early rehydration treatments are measures that healthcare workers can take to help people survive evd. Early supportive care with rehydration, symptomatic treatment improves survival. Today we discuss in this article the causes, symptoms, prevention, and treatment of ebola virus.
Ebola virus vaccine, causes, symptoms, treatment, contagious. Introduction to ebola disease world health organization. Cdc fact sheet ebola virus disease centers for disease control. Treatment and prevention of ebola virus disease uptodate. While there is distinction between early and late clinical signs of evd, it is.
Patient management with possibility of ebola virus. Ebola virus disease in west africathe first 9 months. Ebola virus disease is a serious, often fatal condition in humans and nonhuman primates. Ebola virus disease evd is a lifethreatening viral disease with a fatality rate ranging from around 30% to 90%. Ebola virus disease evd, formerly known as ebola hemorrhagic fever, is a. Limited evidence is available on pediatric disease course and prognosis. Pdf ebola virus was first discovered in 1976,who reports 24 outbreaks,28,633 cases and 11,315 deaths in the recent outbreak. Ebola virus disease evd is a severe and frequently lethal disease caused by ebola virus ebov. Evd outbreaks typically start from a single case of probable zoonotic transmission, followed by.
Symptoms of ebola virus disease ebola are treated as they appear. Ebola virus disease evd pan american health organization. Ebola can not be caught through routine social contact, such as shaking hands, with people who do not have symptoms. Evd casepatient completed their mandatory 21day follow up without developing symptoms. When used early, basic supportive care can significantly improve the chances of survival. Currently, there are evd outbreaks in several western african nations, including guinea, liberia, sierra. Ebola virus disease outbreak in isiro, democratic republic. Ebola virus disease, causes, signs and symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. Probing into the factors that led to the widespread outbreak, setting forth plans to counter evd cases in developing countries, and devising definitive measures to limit the spread of the disease are.
A response team remains in the field and treatment units are established. Ebola virus can be detected in blood after onset of symptoms. When used early, basic interventions can significantly. The disease has a high risk of death, killing 25% to. It may take up to three days after symptoms start for the virus to reach detectable levels. Ebola virus disease, or simply ebola, is a viral haemorrhagic fever of humans and other primates caused by ebolaviruses.
Symptoms show up 2 to 21 days after infection and usually include. Pdf ebola virus disease, management, and prevention. Vomiting, diarrhoea and rash usually follow, along with decreased function of the liver and kidneys. Please use one of the following formats to cite this article in your essay, paper or report. Ebola virus disease evd, also known as ebola hemorrhagic fever ehf or simply ebola, is a viral. Data collected during the 2012 ebola virus disease evd epidemic in the democratic republic of the congo were analysed for clinical signs, symptoms and case fatality of evd caused by bundibugyo virus bdbv, establishment of differential diagnoses, description of medical treatment and evaluation of the quality of clinical documentation. By september 9, 2015, a total of 28,183 cases and 11,306 deaths had been reported. Theres currently no licensed treatment or vaccine for ebola virus disease, although vaccines and drug therapies are being developed and tested. The virus is transmitted to people from wild animals and then spreads in the human population through humantohuman transmission. Relevant information was identified through a comprehensive literature search using medline, pubmed and cinahl complete and using the search terms ebola, ebola virus disease, ebola hemorrhagic fever, west africa outbreak, ebola transmission, ebola symptoms and signs, ebola diagnosis, ebola treatment, vaccines for ebola and clinical trials on ebola. Ebola fever signs and symptoms centers for disease control. Ebola disease ebola disease is a severe, often fatal illness in humans. People can get evd through direct contact with an infected animal bat or nonhuman primate or a sick or dead person infected with ebola virus.
Aches and pains, such as severe headache, muscle and joint pain, and abdominal stomach pain. Ebola virus disease evd outbreaks in congo and who has declared public health emergency. Primary signs and symptoms of ebola often include some or several of the following. Ebola virus disease evd is a severe, often fatal, viral disease.
Prevalence and current approaches of ebola virus disease. The viruses that cause evd are located mainly in subsaharan africa. Ebola hemorrhagic fever is one of the most lifethreatening viral infections. When used early, basic interventions can significantly improve the chances of survival. Diagnosing ebola virus disease evd shortly after infection can be difficult. It is a severe contagious zoonotic disease affecting. Providing fluids and electrolytes body salts through infusion into the vein intravenously. Treatment for ebola focuses on offering supportive care so that the patients own immune system can fight off the virus. The recent outbreak of ebola virus disease evd in west africa has been the worst ever witnessed. Pdf in march 2014, the largest ebola outbreak in history exploded across west africa. Symptoms of ebola virus disease evd are treated as they appear. Signs and symptoms typically start between two days and three weeks after contracting the virus with a fever, sore throat, muscular pain, and headaches. Describe main public health concern during an ebola. What is ebola virus, what is the origin of ebola virus, its symptoms, treatment, prevention, cause, and cure.
Ebola, the killer virus infectious diseases of poverty. Ebola hemorrhagic fever is a viral disease caused by ebola virus a member of the filoviridae family or filoviruses that results in nonspecific symptoms see symptom section of this article early in the disease and often causes internal and external hemorrhage bleeding as the disease progresses. The average ebola case fatality rate is around 50%. Ebola the natural and human history of a deadly virus. Ebola virus disease evd has mostly affected economically deprived countries as limited resources adversely affect a countrys infrastructure and administration. The virus was discovered in 1976 near the ebola river in the present day democratic republic of congo. It is one of the outbreaks and the latest diseases in africa. In 2014 and 2015, the largest ebola virus disease evd outbreak in history affected large populations across west africa. Treatment and vaccines for ebola virus disease under development. Describe signs, symptoms, and transmission of ebola disease.
File type pdf ebola the natural and human history of a deadly virus david quammen. In the absence of a licensed vaccine to protect against ebola virus disease evd or a specific drug for treatment of infected patients in the large ebola virus outbreak that started in december 20 in guinea, and subsequently spread to liberia and sierra leone, potential new ebola vaccines and therapies. Food and drug administration fda has approved the ebola vaccine rvsvzebov tradename ervebo for the prevention of evd. House to house sensitization on the signs and symptoms of evd continues. It is unknown if bombali virus, which was recently identified in bats, causes disease in either animals or people. No proven ebola virus e specific treatment presently exists. Evaluation of convalescent plasma for ebola virus disease.
In this article, we present an overview of the pathogen, its epidemiology and transmission, clinical and laboratory manifestations, treatment and infection control procedures, with an emphasis on what is known about ebola virus disease in the pediatric population. The primary point of this confirmation is to contain the current flareups and anticipate further spread of ebola through a globally composed reaction. Ebola virus is one of the deadly diseases mostly in african and some part of the world. Ebola virus outbreak, symptoms, and treatment slideshow. This guidance is being updated on a frequent basis. Ebola virus disease evd general information what is ebola virus disease. At this time, some people begin to bleed both internally and externally. This has to be done in a way that is safe for the healthcare worker and respects the patient. The last confirmed evd case in equateur province was cured and discharged from the ebola treatment centre etc, following two negative tests on serial laboratory specimens, on 12 june 2018. Ebola is an emerging virus even though it is not newas it has been emerged before and can be classified as one of the most ancient viruses found and it is once again appearing. Management of pregnant women infected with ebola virus in a treatment centre in guinea, june 2014. Early on, ebola can feel like the flu or other illnesses. World health organization has pronounced the impulsive episode of ebola virus disease evd in a few nations in west africa as a general wellbeing crisis. Symptoms, treatment, and causes medical news today.
Early symptoms of evd such as fever, headache, and weakness are not specific to ebola virus infection and often are seen in patients with other more common diseases, like malaria and typhoid fever. The main goal of treatment is to manage your symptoms. Webmd explains the latest info on the rare but deadly disease ebola, including how its spread, symptoms, causes, treatment, and prevention. Ebola can be a fatal disease and care is needed when coming into direct contact with a recent traveler from a country with an ebola outbreak that has symptoms that may be caused by ebola.
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